2.Revenue Recognition

 

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606 applying the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. The Company recorded a net increase to opening retained earnings of $378 as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting Topic 606. The implementation of the guidance had no material impact on the measurement or recognition of revenue of prior periods; however, additional disclosures have been added in accordance with the ASU.

 

The adoption of Topic 606 did not have a significant impact on the Work Truck Attachments segment. In the Work Truck Solutions segment, the standard changed the timing of revenue for truck upfits of customer-owned chassis from a point in time to over time. This change in timing of revenue recognition increased revenue by $16 and increased revenue by $273 in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

 

Revenue Streams

 

The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates revenue. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Company generates all of its revenue from contracts with customers. Additionally, contract amounts represent the full amount of the transaction price as agreed upon with the customer at the time of order, resulting in a single performance obligation in all cases.

 

Work Truck Attachments

 

The Company recognizes revenue upon shipment of equipment to the customer. Additionally, the Company performs upfitting services within the Work Truck Attachments segment. For upfit sales, customers are billed separately for the truck chassis by the chassis manufacturer.  The Company only records sales for the amount of the up-fit, excluding the truck chassis. The Company acts as a garage keeper and never takes ownership or title to the truck chassis and does not pay interest associated with the truck chassis while on its premises within the Work Truck Attachments segment.

 

Within the Work Truck Attachments segment, the Company offers a variety of discounts and sales incentives to its distributors. The estimated liability for sales discounts and allowances is calculated using the expected value method and recorded at the time of sale as a reduction of net sales. The liability is estimated based on the costs of the program, the planned duration of the program and historical experience.

 

The Work Truck Attachments segment has three revenue streams, as identified below.

 

Independent Dealer Sales – Revenues from sales to independent dealers are recognized when the customer obtains control of the Company’s product, which occurs at a point in time, typically upon shipment. In these instances, each product is considered a separate performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon shipment of the goods. Any shipping and handling activities performed by the Company after the transfer of control to the customer (e.g., when control transfers upon shipment) are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, the costs are accrued for when the related revenue is recognized.

 

State and Local Bids – The Company records revenue of separately sold snow and ice equipment upon shipment and fully upfit vehicles upon delivery.  The state and local bid process does not obligate the entity to buy any products from the Company, but merely allows the entity to purchase products in the future typically for a fixed period of time. The entity commits to actually purchasing products from the Company when it issues purchase orders off of a previously awarded bid, which lists out actual quantities of equipment being ordered and the delivery terms. On upfit transactions, the Company is providing a significant service by assembling and integrating the individual products onto the customer’s truck. Each individual product and installation activity is highly interdependent and highly interrelated, and therefore the Company considers the manufacture and upfit of a truck a single performance obligation. Any shipping and handling activities performed by the Company after the transfer of control to the Customer (e.g., when control transfers upon shipment) are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, the costs are accrued for when the related revenue is recognized.

 

Parts & Accessory Sales – The Company’s equipment is used in harsh conditions and parts frequently wear out. These parts drive recurring revenues through parts and accessory sales. The process for recording parts and accessory sales is consistent with the independent dealer sales noted above.

 

Work Truck Solutions

 

The Work Truck Solutions segment primarily participates in the truck and vehicle upfitting industry in the United States. Customers are billed separately for the truck chassis by the chassis manufacturer.  The Company only records sales for the amount of the upfit, excluding the truck chassis.   The Company obtains the truck chassis from the truck chassis manufacturer through either its floor plan agreement with a financial institution or bailment pool agreement with the truck chassis manufacturer. Additionally, in some instances the Company upfits chassis which are owned by the end customer.  For truck chassis acquired through the floor plan agreement, the Company holds title to the vehicle from the time the chassis is received by the Company until the completion of the up-fit.  Under the bailment pool agreement, the Company does not take title to the truck chassis, but rather only holds the truck chassis on consignment.   The Company pays interest on both of these arrangements.  The Company records revenue in the same manner net of the value of the truck chassis in both the Company’s floor plan and bailment pool agreements. The Company does not set the price for the truck chassis, is not responsible for the billing of the chassis and does not have inventory risk in either the bailment pool or floor plan agreements.

Revenues from the sales of the Work Truck Solutions products are generally recognized net of the truck chassis with the selling price to the customer recorded as sales and the manufacturing and up-fit cost of the product recorded as cost of sales. In these cases, the Company acts as an agent as it does not have inventory or pricing control over the truck chassis.  Within the Work Truck Solutions segment, the Company also sells certain third-party products for which it acts as an agent.  These sales do not meet the criteria for gross sales recognition, and thus are recognized on a net basis at the time of sale. Under net sales recognition, the cost paid to the third-party service provider is recorded as a reduction to sales, resulting in net sales being equal to the gross profit on the transaction.

The Work Truck Solutions segment has three revenue streams, as identified below.

 

Fleet Upfit Sales – The Company enters contracts with certain fleet customers. Fleet agreements create enforceable rights without the issuance of a purchase order. Typically these agreements outline the terms of sale, payment terms, standard pricing, and the rights of the customer and seller. Fleet sales are performed on both customer owned vehicles as well as non-customer owned vehicles.  For non-customer owned vehicles, revenue is recognized at a point in time upon delivery of the truck to the customer. For customer-owned vehicles, per Topic 606, revenue is recognized over time based on a cost input method. The Company accumulates costs incurred on partially completed customer-owned upfits based on estimated margin and completion. This change to over time recognition for customer owned vehicles increased revenue by $16 and increased revenue by $273 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

 

Dealer Upfit Sales – The Company upfits work trucks for independent dealer customers. Dealer upfit revenue is recorded upon delivery. The customer does not own the vehicles during the upfit process, and as such revenue is recorded at a point in time upon delivery to the customer.

 

Over the Counter / Parts & Accessory Sales – Work Truck Solutions part and accessory sales are recorded as revenue upon shipment. Additionally, customers can purchase parts at any of the Company’s showrooms.  In these instances, each product is considered a separate performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon shipment of the goods or customer pick up.

 

Disaggregation of Revenue

 

The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by customer type and timing of revenue recognition, and includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue with reportable segments.

 

Revenue by customer type was as follows:

 

Revenue by timing of revenue recognition was as follows:

Contract Balances

 

The following table shows the changes in the Company’s contract liabilities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018:

 

 

The Company receives payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules. Contract assets include amounts related to our contractual right to consideration for completed performance objectives not yet invoiced. There were no contract assets as of September 30, 2018. Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, variable freight allowances which are refunded to the customer, and rebates paid to distributors under our municipal rebate program, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract. The change in the contract liabilities balance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 is driven by an increase in customer payments received in advance of performance.

 

The Company recognized revenue of $980 and $2,365 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, which amount was included in contract liabilities at the beginning of each period.

 

 

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

 

Topic 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of September 30, 2018. The guidance provides certain optional exemptions that limit this requirement. The Company has various contracts that meet the following optional exemptions provided by ASC 606:

 

 

 

 

After considering the above optional exemptions, the estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period is immaterial. Specifically, all obligations are expected to be less than one year, revenue is recognized from the satisfaction of the performance obligations and variable consideration is allocated entirely to wholly unsatisfied performance obligations.

 

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

 

As allowed under Topic 606, the Company adopted the following practical expedients and exemptions:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impact of New Revenue Guidance on Financial Statement Line Items

 

In accordance with Topic 606, the disclosure of the impact of adoption to the condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In accordance with Topic 606, the disclosure of the impact of adoption to the condensed consolidated balance sheet was as follows: